Variques - pathological stretch of the walls of the peripheral veins, accompanied by a failure of the valve apparatus and a violation of the local blood flow.The modified vessels seem extended, winding, bloating in the form of superficial nodes appear.The main section of the lesion is the veins of the lower limbs.The patient's first complaint can be limited to a cosmetic defect in the form of vascular networks.In the context of the progression of the disease, a feeling of severity in the legs and convulsions join. The varicose veins, as a rule, most often disturb women.The most common location is the subcutaneous veins of the legs, a little less often - hips.There is a group of factors causing a pathological stretch of the vascular wall: external influences, ending with a genetic predisposition.It is worth familiar with the causes of varicose veins on the legs.
The causes of varicose veins
In the context of valve apparatus disorders and an increase in the volume of blood circulation, there is a persistent expansion of vascular light.The composition of venous walls includes connective tissue, which, with excessive stretches, is unable to decrease in the original state.The symptoms of the varicose veins of the affected veins of the lower limbs progress: the blood moving along the stretched vessels is subject to stagnation, exerting even greater pressure on them.This, in turn, led to violations of the trophism of the surrounding tissues.
Basic
There are many causes of varicose veins and can be combined with each other.The main factors include:
- Characteristics of physical activity.Varices are often found in men engaged in a constant weight lifting (movers).People of professions associated with a standing position prolonged on their feet (hairdressers), in a sitting position (office employees) are also subject to illness.
- Obesity.It applies to a large number of overweight.
- Hormonal changes.For example, the causes of varicose veins in women are a decrease in vascular tone during pregnancy in the context of progesterone production, taking medicinal-hormones.
- Heredity.There are known cases of inheritance of the structure of the structure of connective tissue, which increase the probability of taking care of varicose veins.
Secondary
The characteristics of the lifestyle and certain types of diseases can worsen a violation of the venous blood circulation.Secondary causes of varicose veins:
- Unknown shoes, symptoms of varicose veins in women (severity of the legs, cramps, vascular mesh) - a frequent consequence of a prolonged walk in high heels.
- Excessively tight clothes.
- Irrational sports (raise the bar).
- Internal organ diseases and varicos systems due to severe chronic cardiovascular insufficiency.
- Arteriovenous shunts are a pathological transfer of arterial blood to the venous channel.
- Education that puts pressure on the surrounding ships.
- Stress, due to the general disorder of regulation of the tone of the arteries and veins.
Steps
Varicosis on the lower limbs is not a pathology occurred simultaneously, but a process gradually developing.In medical practice, several types of classifications are used.
The simplest and most universal shares of 3 degrees:
- Compensation - Small cosmetic defects without characteristic complaints.
- Undercomptensaled - Progress of stagnation, development of conventional symptoms.
- Decompensation - Join the complications of varicose veins.
Demand among specialists is the clinical classification developed in 2000. Varicose on the legs include 4 steps:
- Varices of subcutaneous or intradermal veins, not accompanied by a violation of the venous blood discharge.
- Segmental varicosis with the rejection of venous blood in the veins of the lower limbs (superficial).
- Extended varicose veins with the same discharge as at the previous stage.
- Venous blood discharge in deep vessels.
Symptoms
The clinical price of varicose veins depends directly on the stage of the disease.In the early stages, complaints only concern external defects in the form of vascular nets and legs on the legs.The following symptoms are then joined:
- Varices, the appearance of vascular subcutaneous nodes.
- Sensation of severity, fast fatigue of the legs.
- Swelling of the lower limbs, often asymmetrical.
- Pain syndrome, up to convulsions, particularly expressed at the end of the day.
Varicose, if you do not start treatment, can continue to cause metabolic disorders in the surrounding tissues.Initially, this will appear in the form of drought, skin pigmentation.In the decompensation phase, trophic ulcers appear, which are difficult to heal.
Which doctor is engaged in the treatment of varicose veins
If symptoms appear, suspicion of the presence of varicose veins on the legs, you should consult a specialist.The specialist will determine the severity of the disease and prescribe conservative treatment.If there are indications for surgery, the doctor directs the patient to the vascular surgeon.
Diagnosis
To establish the fact of the disease, there is a sufficiently ordinary examination of the doctor.In order to clarify the stage of varicose veins and the determination of therapeutic tactics, these research methods use:
- The clinical and biochemical blood test - is included in the minimum standard.
- Echographic dopplerography is an assessment of the permeability of the vessels, the general condition of the blood flow.
- Ultrasound of the duplex - combines the standard fabric ultrasound.
- Revasography is an assessment of the level of hemodynamics of the members.
- Angiography is an invasive radiological study based on the introduction of a contrast material in the ship.
Treatment
The varicose veins on the legs are a pathology in the fight against which an integrated approach is necessary.The type of treatment depends on the stage of the disease.In the early stages, they are limited to the prescription of non -invasive drugs and procedures.With the progression of varicose veins, they use surgery.
Drugs
A number of drugs can be considered not only as part of conservative therapy, but also as preventive drugs to prevent varicose veins or its complications.The averages are produced in several forms: ointments, gels for external use, tablets, capsules.Taking one of the drugs should be agreed with the doctor.Pain in the legs, swelling with varicose veins - symptoms that have managed to lend on conservative therapy in the early stages.Basically, using drugs with tonic, anticoagulant and moderate anti-inflammatory effects.The treatment, as a rule, begins with the following means of local influence:
- With sodium heparin.
- Combined.
Procedures
The treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs is based on the following mechanisms: improving regional blood flow through physical activity, artificial narrowing of blood vessels using external compression or complete overlap of the light of the affected vein.
Non -invasive methods:
- Therapeutic gymnastics.
- Porter compression knitting.
Invasive procedures:
- Sclerotherapy.It is based on the introduction of substances with sticky properties.The blocking ship goes out of total blood flow.The manipulation is indicated with the initial symptoms of the varicose veins of the lower limbs.Not suitable for eliminating too large nodes.
- Ozonotherapy.Depending on the principle, it is similar to the previous methodology.The introduction of ozone helps fight against the vascular stars.
Folk methods
The use of funds in this category requires compulsory conversation with the attending physician.Folk recipes can reduce the symptoms of varicose veins, but not completely heal.For this reason, they should only be considered as an auxiliary agent.
Revenue examples:
- Place 3 apples in boiling water, cover with a lid and leave 4 hours of heat.Drink softened apples, leave in a saucepan, mix.Strain.Add honey (1 tablespoon of spoon) to the resulting solution before use).Take a half-entrepreneur before meals.
- Aposting with chestnut on horseback.Proportions - 5 chestnut fruits, 5 tablespoons of its flowers, 500 ml from the base (vegetable oil or oil jelly).Growing the raw materials, mix all the components.Place in a double boiler, keep more than 3 hours.Strain.
Surgery
Surgical treatment is the option of choice in cases where therapeutic methods of combating varicose veins are not effective.Currently, several surgical techniques have been developed which differ in the degree of invasiveness.Types of procedures in an increase in the volume of surgical intervention:
- Laser coagulation of the legs of the legs.It is divided into endovasal and contactless.In the first case, we are talking about the installation of a laser coagulator in the light of the ship affected under local anesthesia, in the second point of use of a laser without violating the integrity of the skin.The purpose of the methodology is to "cauterize" the affected area.Suitable for cases where varicose veins do not exceed 10 mm in diameter.
- Flebectomy.It is a radical surgical method of eliminating varicose veins.Treatment is based on direct elimination of the affected ship.It is carried out under general anesthesia under operating conditions.
Complications
What is varicose veins on the legs?It is at the origin of a weak-tympomic disease, responsible for serious complications as it progresses.It should be understood that swollen veins are a potential threat to general health.
Phlebitis
It is an inflammation of the venous wall.Flebititis is caused by its excessive stretching and, therefore, the microtrauma of the internal lining of the ship.It is the most common complication of varicose veins located on the legs.As a rule, symptoms manifest asymmetrically.The first complaint that can suspect is the appearance of dull pain pain, intensifying when touched in the affected area.The place of inflammation is compacted, the skin becomes hyperemic, hot in contact.With the development of acute phebit, the pain becomes burning, unbearable, the cover at the place of illness takes on a bright red color.
Thrombophlebitis
The specified complication of varicose veins occurs, as a rule, depending on the previous one.The occurrence mechanism is the formation of a blood clot in the inflamed area of the vein.The thrombus to be voted is particularly dangerous.One part of it is fixed to the vascular wall, and the other fluctuates freely in the light in the rhythm of the blood flow.The "tail" was formed from the risks of varicose veins affected by the size to tear and peel off towards the heart.Symptoms of thrombophlebitis of the veins of the lower limbs are similar to the signs of the phebitus.Hyperthermia, chills and weakness can also join them.Given the potential danger of such a state, in the presence of these complaints, you should consult a doctor as quickly as possible.
Phlebotrombosis
The complication of varicose veins caused by the thrombus blow in the light of the deep veins.Symptoms depend directly on the location of the blood clot.If, for example, it has formed in the calf muscle, a feeling of burst will be disturbed, the swelling will spread to an ankle.Edema and pain syndrome are distributed throughout the lower limb when the blood board enters the venous network at the abdominal cavity.Phlebotromosse is often difficult to diagnose.The symptoms of this complication of varicose veins often have a lubricated clinical image, and pathology is already manifested in the form of any deadly state.With rapid detection of a complication, the doctor can use not only the curator, but also to surgical treatment.
Thromboembolia of the pulmonary artery (pulmonary
A blood clot, which was torn from the venous wall, moves to the right parts of the heart, then grows in the pulmonary artery, causing a blockage of its branches.According to the caliber of affected vessels, the flow of pathology varies from asymptomatic to acute and fast lightning.Signs of Tela:
- A sudden shortness of breath - the patient "grabs" air with his mouth, like a fish.
- Tachycardia.
- Algium syndrome is characterized by pain as a heart attack.
- General weakness.
- An increase in temperature in sub-fubrile number (37-38 ° C).
- The blue of the skin, a cast iron shade.
- Cough.
- Heltering.
This consequence of varicose veins is threatened with life and requires emergency measures.The treatment is carried out in a resuscitation service.In addition to the above complications, other consequences of varicose veins may occur:
- Trophic ulcers are one of their last symptoms of varicose veins.
- Bleeding a broken vein.
- Dermatitis.
Prevention
The disease can be warned before the symptoms of varicose veins even appear.Prevention measures include:
- Competent distribution of physical activity.It is recommended to alternate walking with a seat.With a high predisposition to varicose veins, it is worth harming the rise in serious cargoes, work associated with a prolonged position on the legs.
- Wearing comfortable shoes and clothes.The authorized height of the heel does not exceed 4 cm.
- Correction of body weight.Normal weight is an indicator that considerably reduces the probability of varicose vein symptoms.
- The use of compression knitting (as prescribed by a doctor).If a feeling of severity appears, fatigue in the legs in the context of physical activity, the work associated with a prolonged position, we are talking about 1st degree of compression linen.
- Feet massage (only in the absence of pronounced varicose veins).Can be done independently.
What is varicose veins?It is a stretch of the walls of the peripheral veins, the occurrence of which is more associated with the characteristics of the lifestyle.In the early stages, this creates the illusion of "the inrantioche".However, the underestimation of varicose vein is heavy with complications that are difficult to eliminate.With the help of simple preventive measures, you can prevent not only pathology itself, but also avoid its distant dangerous consequences.